000061867 001__ 61867 000061867 005__ 20200221144231.0 000061867 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.enconman.2016.04.010 000061867 0248_ $$2sideral$$a99557 000061867 037__ $$aART-2016-99557 000061867 041__ $$aeng 000061867 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-3315-5933$$aRemon, J. 000061867 245__ $$aProduction of gaseous and liquid bio-fuels from the upgrading of lignocellulosic bio-oil in sub- and supercritical water: effect of operating conditions on the process 000061867 260__ $$c2016 000061867 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000061867 5203_ $$aThis work analyses the influence of the temperature (310–450 C), pressure (200–260 bar), catalyst/biooil mass ratio (0–0.25 g catalyst/g bio-oil), and reaction time (0–60 min) on the reforming in sub- and supercritical water of bio-oil obtained from the fast pyrolysis of pinewood. The upgrading experiments were carried out in a batch micro-bomb reactor employing a co-precipitated Ni–Co/Al–Mg catalyst. This reforming process turned out to be highly customisable for the valorisation of bio-oil for the production of either gaseous or liquid bio-fuels. Depending on the operating conditions and water regime (sub/supercritical), the yields to upgraded bio-oil (liquid), gas and solid varied as follows: 5–90%, 7–91% and 3–31%, respectively. The gas phase, having a LHV ranging from 2 to 17 MJ/m3 STP, was made up of a mixture of H2 (9–31 vol.%), CO2 (41–84 vol.%), CO (1–22 vol.%) and CH4 (1–45 vol.%). The greatest H2 production from bio-oil (76% gas yield with a relative amount of H2 of 30 vol.%) was achieved under supercritical conditions at a temperature of 339 C, 200 bar of pressure and using a catalyst/bio-oil ratio of 0.2 g/g for 60 min. The amount of C, H and O (wt.%) in the upgraded bio-oil varied from 48 to 74, 4 to 9 and 13 to 48, respectively. This represents an increase of up to 37% and 171% in the proportions of C and H, respectively, as well as a decrease of up to 69% in the proportion of O. The HHV of the treated bio-oil shifted from 20 to 35 MJ/kg, which corresponds to an increase of up to 89% with respect to the HHV of the original bio-oil. With a temperature of around 344 C, a pressure of 233 bar, a catalyst/bio-oil ratio of 0.16 g/g and a reaction time of 9 min a compromise was reached between the yield and the quality of the upgraded liquid, enabling the transformation of 62% of the bio-oil into liquid with a HHV (29 MJ/kg) about twice as high as that of the original feedstock (17 MJ/kg). 000061867 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/GPT$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/BES-2011-044856$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/EEBB-I-14-08688$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/ENE2010-18985$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/ENE2013-41523-R 000061867 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby-nc-nd$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/ 000061867 590__ $$a5.589$$b2016 000061867 591__ $$aENERGY & FUELS$$b10 / 92 = 0.109$$c2016$$dQ1$$eT1 000061867 591__ $$aTHERMODYNAMICS$$b2 / 58 = 0.034$$c2016$$dQ1$$eT1 000061867 591__ $$aMECHANICS$$b4 / 133 = 0.03$$c2016$$dQ1$$eT1 000061867 592__ $$a2.232$$b2016 000061867 593__ $$aEnergy Engineering and Power Technology$$c2016$$dQ1 000061867 593__ $$aRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment$$c2016$$dQ1 000061867 593__ $$aNuclear Energy and Engineering$$c2016$$dQ1 000061867 593__ $$aFuel Technology$$c2016$$dQ1 000061867 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion 000061867 700__ $$aArcelus-Arrillaga, P. 000061867 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-7115-9025$$aGarcia, L.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000061867 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-5959-3168$$aArauzo, J.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000061867 7102_ $$15005$$2555$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Ing.Quím.Tecnol.Med.Amb.$$cÁrea Ingeniería Química 000061867 773__ $$g119 (2016), [59 pp.]$$pEnergy convers. manag.$$tEnergy Conversion and Management$$x0196-8904 000061867 8564_ $$s689111$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/61867/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yPostprint 000061867 8564_ $$s79974$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/61867/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yPostprint 000061867 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:61867$$particulos$$pdriver 000061867 951__ $$a2020-02-21-13:19:29 000061867 980__ $$aARTICLE